Tuesday, February 5, 2008

Car Audio Wiring

A significant part of your entire car audio system consists of just wires. There are all kinds of cables and wires involved in installing a car audio system. You have power wires, speaker wires, amplifier cables, power capacitors, and what not. It is always better to be equipped with at least the basics before you go in for car audio installation.

The power wire is an important part of the amplifier installation. Select the proper gauge and fusing. A proper gauge prevents the amplifier from being choked off by the size limitations of the wire. Choose power wires with lots of strands, so that they are easier to install and don't break while passing through the numerous corners of the car. The jacket of the wire should be of a material, which can resist chemicals like oil and battery acids, which can wreak havoc on substandard wires.

You can go for wires with large number of strands for the car audio speaker wires. The jacket is not that important in this case, because the speaker is not placed in regions where it could encounter chemicals, as in the case of power wires. Oxygen free copper wiring is always recommended for car audio speaker wires. The size of the speaker wiring depends on the power going in to your speakers and the total length between the amplifier and the speakers.

Signal cables are otherwise known as RCA cables and assume importance for their noise rejection properties. Try and go in for a quality RCA cable, which would ensure trouble free performance in the long run. It is recommended that you go in for "twisted pair" cables. They are better at noise reduction. Needless to say, the quality of wires connecting car audio power capacitors and batteries should also be good.

One can find extensive information on car audio wiring by visiting online resources on the subject. Perhaps car audio professionals are best placed to offer you great advice on car audio wiring.

Car Audio provides detailed information on Car Audio, Discount Car Audio, Wholesale Car Audio, Car Audio Systems and more. Car Audio is affiliated with Car Stereo Installations.

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Sunday, February 3, 2008

VW Wiring (1998 And Later Models)

The radios in VW cars (1998 model and onwards) use an amplified aerial for improved radio reception. This amplifier is built into the base of the aerial and is powered by a feed from the stereo. This power feed is sent down the center of the aerial cable.

Therefore, if the factory-fitted stereo is replaced with an aftermarket unit, the aerial will no longer get this power feed and the amplifier in the aerial will not be turned on. This will result in poor radio reception.

To solve this problem you will need a VW aerial adapter. This takes the electric aerial output of an aftermarket stereo and combines it with the aerial socket to supply power to the amplifier in the aerial.

The other difference that post 1998 Volkwagen car radios have is their power connection. . .

Stereos require 2 power feeds. One is a constant feed that is always live whether you have the key in the ignition or not (this keeps the memory settings, clock etc). The other is a switched live which gets a feed when the ignition key is turned.

Although VW car radios use an ISO connection block for their stereo wiring (the same as all aftermarket stereos) you cannot simply plug it straight in. On later Volkswagen car radios, the pin configuration of these two power wires is reversed. If you plug it straight in, the stereo will work fine. However, it will lose all of it's memory settings once you switch it off.

To solve this problem, you will need a VW wiring adaptor. This will plug into your VW wiring harness at one end and the aftermarket stereo at the other end. In between these two points, the adaptor swaps over the location of the two power wires. This takes care of the problem.

This store specializes in car audio. I give them thumbs up -- I work with them daily (so I know their business philosophy -- customer satisfaction) . However, if your country is not served by them, you can still get other recommendations at car-audio-products-and-accessories.com

Chimezirim Odimba writes for CarAudioPlus.

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Monday, January 28, 2008

Ceiling Fan Wiring

Ceiling fan wiring is meant to provide power connection to the fan. If done with proper care it's safe and easy. The ceiling fan wiring is divided into two parts:

1. Wiring from fan terminal box (if provided) to internal motor or circuitry and 2. Wiring from switch box or switch unit up to the ceiling fan. The first part of ceiling fan wiring falls under the fan maker's scope and the rest is taken care of by the user. This part may be put inside a concealed unit called concealed wiring. The wire from the switch box comes through this concealed unit up to the fan terminal box. There are usually three types of ceiling Fan wires: 1. Power wire, or phase wire, or hot wire. 2. Neutral and 3. The ground or earth.

Color Code: At the time of ceiling fan wiring, a defined Color code helps to identify the types of wires. For the hot wire or the power wire, different color combination such as black or red are used depending upon the industry standard, whereas generally white color is used for ground wires.

Gauge: For the purpose of ceiling fan wiring, proper gauge of wire is to be used. Though gauge usually varies with the current rating of the equipment, no. 12 or no. 14 is to be used for such wiring. No. 14 is the smallest permitted ceiling fan wiring under most codes.

Proper copper multistranded wires are used for ceiling fan wiring. The ends of the wire must be dressed properly and crimped with a crimping tool. These steps are followed in order to rule out connectivity problems. However, Ceiling fan wiring varies with the instructions of the manual provided by different brands.

Safety: *Before giving final connection, power in the loop should be switched off either tripping the MCB or circuit breaker. A neon tester can be used to check if the power is off. In case of any doubt, remove the main fuse or trip the main breaker. However, removing the main fuse or tripping the main breaker will shut off the power to the entire house. *Wherever two wires are joined externally, proper insulation with insulation tape is to be put for safety. *Continuity of ceiling fan wiring is to be checked with a proper continuity tester device before giving power. Proper connectivity of these wires with terminal box and switches also to be checked.

Randy Heslip is a regular contributor to http://www.ceiling-fans-info-source.com where you can find more information to help you choose a ceiling fan to match your home d?cor and how to install a ceiling fan for optimal performance. This article may be reproduced as long as it is kept intact including the resource box.

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Friday, January 11, 2008

Want To Be An Electrician?

The electrician is one of the most respected of the tradesmen in our society. The understanding and harnessing of electricity has changed the world like few other things. The loss of electricity would plunge the world back into darkness. Most people are involved with electricity to the degree that they insert a plug into a wall socket or throw a switch. Making sure the right thing happens when they do this is the job of the trained electrician. So, how does one become an electrician?

The path to a career as an electrician usually runs through an apprenticeship program of some type. The apprenticeship program will consist of a mix of on-the-job training and formal classroom instruction. The average apprenticeship program will run about 4 years. The classroom training usually amounts to roughly 144 hours of instruction. So, it is obvious that the majority of learning takes place on the job. This is not unexpected as the electrician is much more involved in the hands on work of installing and maintaining electrical systems than in understanding the theory behind them.

This is not to say that the theory part is unimportant or unnecessary. The aspiring electrician is going to need a minimum of a high school education or GED. It is important to have math skills and a good command of English. Electricians often work from manuals, so reading and comprehension skills are needed. The ability to solve math problems and understand blueprints are essential electrician skills. These skills must be acquired before beginning the apprenticeship program. Classroom training within the apprenticeship program shows how to apply these skills to the work place. It also includes teaching how to use testing equipment, and even includes first aid training.

Many trade unions and contractor associations sponsor vocational schools to prepare electricians. This is an alternative to the apprenticeship approach. At the vocational school, the aspiring electrician completes the classroom portion of their preparation first. Graduates are usually hired as beginning electricians, generally at a higher rate of pay.

A person may select to go through an apprenticeship program or attend a vocational school. The electrician can look forward to good financial compensation and quite a bit of job security. The job is demanding, however, and is not for careless people. School guidance counselors, local contractor associations, and even trained electricians can give advice on the best ways to prepare yourself in your local area.

Find an electrician at ElectricianCompanies.com.

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Sunday, December 30, 2007

Some Do's and Don'ts When Hiring An Electrician / Electrical Contractor

Selecting the right electrical contractor isn't as easy as picking someone out of the Yellow Pages. The ramifications of hiring the wrong contractor can be financially disastrous and even dangerous.

First and foremost, it's imperative to know if the contractor you're considering hiring, is licensed, bonded, and has adequate general liability and workers compensation insurance.

Then, you need to determine if they are experienced in the type of work you need performed, and if they are generally considered good, honest and reputable.

The best place to start answering some of these questions is at the Board of Examiners of Electrical Contractors and / or the Division of Consumer Affairs (basically the Authority having Jurisdiction), and of course, the Better Business Bureau.

Now lets pretend for a moment that you have an electrical job you need done. Not an emergency -- perhaps it's just fixing a light that stopped working. What would you do

Would you call a few contractors and get multiple bids You can, but I wouldnt necessarily suggest it.

Most people think that they should get multiple bids for every job. This isnt the case, and in actuality, putting to bid every little job may in fact backfire.

Good contractors are few and far in between, and asking for multiple bids for a small job will only alienate them the next time around. Try looking at this from their point of view. Their time is worth probably about $100/ hr, and yet, he or she makes the time to come to your residence and provide you with a free estimate for whatever work you may need.

Typically, a good contractor will try to provide you with an extra-competitive bid, especially the first time around, just to make you a customer.

But how can you tell if the first contractor walking into your house is The good contractor Some simple rules may apply here, but remember there also are exceptions to every rule.

 A good contractor will typically look the part. In other words, if he or she looks messy and disorganized, then it's probably indicative of the type of work he or she does. Someone who takes pride in their work usually takes pride in their appearance. Some contractors may argue this point, but remember we're talking generalities here and not the exceptions. He or she should have some type of company identification (even a shirt with a logo would do).

 A good contractor will have company cards with their company name and / or their name, telephone and license # on it.

 A good contractor will respond to your calls quickly and provide you with a free estimate (for most jobs) the same day or within a reasonable amount of time, and will take the time to explain what they will do and how they will do it.

 A good contractor will never offer to do the job without taking out permits and may even walk away from a job if the homeowner insists on not taking them. Remember, permits are additional insurance for the homeowner guaranteeing (through inspection) that the job was performed safely and correctly.

 A good contractor will never cut corners and do something unsafe in order to accommodate your budget. They will, instead, offer suggestions on how to modify your plans to meet both their code and safety requirements, and your budget. If these two cannot meet, then they will wish you good luck and walk away from the job.

 A good contractor will be happy to provide you with copies of their insurance certificates and references when asked. Try not asking for them unless it's a decent size job.

Suppose a homeowner would like to make a minor alteration or addition to their electrical system. If the electrical system is old, then that part of the system may need to be brought up to current code standards before they can add to it or modify it.

In order to circumvent this regulation, the homeowner may insist that the job be done without permits and possibly even hire someone unlicensed to do the work.

What he or she doesn't realize is that if their house burns down, they will very likely NOT be covered. Your homeowners policy probably states (very clearly) that anyone doing work on the residence has to be properly licensed and all building, plumbing and electrical codes must be followed, and work performed with permits wherever required.

If you hired someone whom you thought was licensed, but ultimately wasn't, it still may NOT be covered because you didn't take out permits for the work, and as far as the insurance company is concerned, it was done illegally.

If and when you decide to put a job out to bid, make sure that the work is properly specified (in minute detail) so that all the contractors are bidding on exactly the same things. Otherwise, there's no way of telling who's bidding apples and who is bidding oranges. Not properly specifying a job is probably the most common mistake homeowners make.

Why Let's assume you need to have 10 receptacles, 4 lights and 2 dimmers installed in a room. Without specifying the exact types such as (Standard, Decora, other), amperage (15/20), location and method of use (this is used by good contractors to determine how many receptacles to put on a single circuit), types of lights, bulbs (R30, R40, halogens, etc.) and trims (for Hi Hats) standard, eyeballs, etc., wattage of bulbs (determines type and rating of dimmers used), there is no way of telling who is bidding what. And these are just some of the variables used for a fairly simple job!

 A good contractor always uses first-class, contractor-grade materials and never uses anything else, regardless of budget. They will usually price and give you the higher grade items automatically. This is where they get in trouble when bidding with other contractors. Someone else may be using approved but inferior materials, which would enable them to come in considerably lower than the good contractor. They probably know that you'll have problems with the items installed sooner rather than later, but don't care because it falls beyond their warrantee period (if they even have one).

 A good contractor will take into consideration how the receptacles are being used (such as computers, entertainment equipment, vacuum cleaner, etc.) and automatically factor in (price) dedicated lines for these items, even though current codes may allow all of the receptacles to be wired on a single circuit.

Other contractors won't, and will therefore be able to do the job cheaper. Of course, when you start tripping breakers because the new receptacles are overloading the circuit, there won't be anything to do about it, because it didn't violate any codes at the time, and more importantly, you didn't specify it.

But how could you specify it You're not in the electrical field, and you assumed the contractor would know better and factor this in.

Well, you're right. The good contractor already factored it in, but you gave the job to the other one.

Are you starting to get the picture about the dangers of multiple bids Very often, you don't end up with the good contractor.

That's a pretty typical bidding scenario, and its obvious why people are intimidated dealing with contractors. Make the wrong move and it can spell big trouble.

Anyway, if you do bid the work, try to have it properly specified perhaps by an architect or engineer. A good rule of thumb would be, if you get multiple bids, always pick from the middle up, and never, ever pick the lowest bid.

When you've finally selected a contractor, ask them for a copy of their insurance policies, and make sure everything (including start and end dates on larger jobs) is in writing.

Very often smaller contractors work out of their own house or garage, and many do not carry workers compensation insurance. This may or may not be a factor. If they have a helper with them or send someone else to your house to do the work, it becomes a huge factor.

Without this insurance policy, you (the homeowner) are 100 % liable for any accidents their workers may incur. Additionally, many contractors have only enough general liability insurance to satisfy state regulations, but nowhere near enough to pay for your house if it burns down.

Finally, a last note of caution; as with everything else in life, you get what you pay for ".

In other words, don't let price alone be the determining factor when hiring an electrical contractor. Remember, if a plumber messes up, youll have a flood, if an electrical contractor messes up youll have a fire or perhaps even worse.

Good Luck.

Resources

This article was written by John Frezados and published on www.electrician-electricalcontractor.com , which is a website dedicated to providing industry, trade and employment information for electricians and electrical contractors. The article was part of a series of articles at www.electrician-electricalcontractor.com/electricalcontractor.html , written for Electrical Contractors, to help improve their methods of operation and profitability. John Frezados is a Mechanical Engineer, a Licensed Master Electrician and Certified Electrical Instructor, and has over 20 years experience in the Electrical / General Contracting fields. He currently spends his time writing, teaching and consulting in the Electro-Mechanical Contracting and Engineering fields. He has authored numerous books and courses, such as "The Electrical Contractor's Blueprint for Success" and "Custom Estimation Systems for Electrical Contractors" and teaches certified continuing education courses (listed at www.ccesllc.com ) for Electrical Contractors.

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Monday, December 17, 2007

Electrical Engineering Training

Interested in acquiring electrical engineering training at a vocational or trade school? An electrical engineering course will help you to understand and apply the versatile skills of design, development, analytics and maintenance of electrical equipment.

While many employers require a Bachelor Degree for entry-level positions of the field, the electrical engineering training programs offered at vocational schools usually consist of a two-year program, allowing the student to gain valuable credits that can later be transferred to a college or university.

In addition to electronics and electronic systems technology, training will often integrate additional vocational coursework in life and physical sciences, humanities, and mathematics. What's more, students of electrical engineering training courses may also opt to choose from a variety of certification programs geared toward select fields of engineering.

Those interested in becoming electrical engineers will learn that, in order to offer services to the public, one must become licensed to do so. (A license is required for engineers in ALL 50 states.) Students who have successfully graduated from an electrical engineering course, and have attained their degree from an accredited electrical engineering school, must also complete 4 years of associated work experience in addition to passing individual state exams to acquire full licensure.

Typically, training provided at electrical engineering schools will help graduates to increase employment opportunities and earning potential. According to the U.S. Department of Labor Statistics, those who have gained a minimal Bachelor Degree (and related work experience) can begin earning as much as $51,000 annually.

If you would like to learn more about Electrical Engineering Training, or even Online Electrical Engineering Schools, you can find more in-depth information and resources on SchoolsGalore.com.

DISCLAIMER: Above is a GENERAL OVERVIEW and may or may not reflect specific practices, courses and/or services associated with ANY ONE particular school(s) that is or is not advertised on our website.

Michael Bustamante is a staff writer for Media Positive Communications, Inc. in association with SchoolsGalore.com. Find Electrical Engineering Schools, Colleges, Universities, Vocational Schools, and Online Schools at SchoolsGalore.com, your educational resource to locate schools.

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